Improvement in bituminous rock pavement



infused intothe ro .duct,lvand found in t s a in a "quarry situat His crushed andused w' natural bitumen, (with soften the asphalt pur pulverized stone orother broken stone org el the durability,,but dinary rock-bitumen, l i

bination of min hitheIrto used. We deem the fell e nature of ourjnv H pavementcomposed r hed bitumimestone withfinely=pulverized material 1dbitnmen addedtoform a base for a strong merit, the whole, when laid, forming a rong,hard, durable artificial rock or con crcteipavement i a I Toenable others to prepare the jsame',-we

; will proceed to describethe process and articlesused by us which we deem to be the best, both may 'be varied'in inany ways bituminous. This test may be made by erchaustive distillation, or by dissolving in nap'hthong without changing their character. 3 The necessary elements used inithe process are bituminous limestone, which contains from eight to fifteen per. of bituminous matter This is a naturalproit ofQhicago, lllinois, the: intersection of Western and Grain aven es. 1 This limestone clay or jfinelyto give body to the ,ceni Sharp sand or e used to add to ecessary with or- If. 'oreign sand or stone be used, not over twelve per cent.- should be employed. 3

Natural rock-bitumen, which does not con taiubituminous substances enough for the coproperties required, will receive and artificial asphalt, if used'with dead- )ecific gravity is greater than a vapori ng pointnot less than 230 Fahrenheityandwill form an artificial compound muchm durable than any comtances and asphalts ing proportions the best adapted for ordinary pavements, though they may be Variedas the pavement is required to be cheaper durable,elastic or hard: f

a Rockbituminouslimestone,onehund fedand I the amountshould be well pulverized.

cial' asphalt or -oil to set or lar substances,

ATE F FIfiE.

iaekon, or oovme rou,

Rev'emem IN mummovsabca e ves-flaw.

bitumen, either -natural or artificial, twenty five parts 5 with two parts dead-oil or hydrocarbon oil of the gravityuabovenamed; and twenty-five parts sand or broken stone.

Take the bituminouslimestone, and powder or-,crush in any ordinarymill One-third of The remaindermay be inpieces not larger than one-half inch in diameter..

The quality of the rock should then be tested, to ascertain the amount of bituminous matter contained in it, to ascertain the amount of asphalt and mineral hydrocarbon oil to be added.

The rock-bitumen should contain fromeight to fifteen per cent. of bituminous matter, and enough asphalt should be added to make the entire mass from fifteen to twenty per cent.

tha or light'hydrocarbou oil, in which thebitumen in the rock is easily soluble.

The crushed and pulverized rock should then be subjected to a slow process of heat, ranging from'200 to 230 Fahrenheit, and thoroughly stirred till the bitumen and rock are sufficiently softened to coalesce, and until the bituminous matter be added, which should bev ten parts asphalt'andone part dead-oil.

put down into pavements.

If it is desired to be prepared for putting down into pavements or making roofs at a future time the pulverized clay and sand should not be added, but the compound can berun into cakes, and easily transported to any desired place. When it is desired to use the material, it should'be again heated and melted, the clay and sand added, as before described, and, put down While hot, in the manner described.

- repelling the rays of the sun.

To have the cement sufficiently strong to bind and unite all the -elements,it should condescribed, the material, when cold, forms an artiliclal bituminous stone or concrete unlike any other material yet used.

After the ingredients are all properly mixed and combined, the heat is continued till the natural bitumen of the rock and the asphalt are .all thoroughly incorporated with each other and with the mineral atoms, which must be thoroughly impregnated to form a complete combination with each other.

The compositionis taken while hot and laid upon the street or sidewalk, which must first be thoroughly prepared, and should be treated to gravel sufliciently to take away all moisture from the surface, and thoroughly packed with any material that will form a solid dry base for the pavement. The composition is then laid down while hot, and tamped or rolled as it is laid down till the particles are all thoroughly united. When cold, it becomes perfectly hard, with sufiicient elasticity to pre vent breaking.

For street-pavements, with a proper base, three inches of the compound are sulificient to make a street for the heaviest wear. For sidewalk, one inch of the compound is sufficient.

Stone of similar nature and utilized to similar processis found near Eaton, Preble county, Ohio, and in various parts of Kentucky. These products differ from the Seyssel rockbitumen, which dissolves or crumbles into dust at about 2l2 Fahrenheit, while the American bitumen stone will not dissolve without heat so great that the bituminous matter would. be consumed before dissolving or .crumbing.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is r A pavement, composed substantially of bituminous rock, asphalt, and fire-clay, or other similar substance, prepared and laid down as herein set forth.

JEFFERSON L. FULTON. JULIUS BRAUE.

Witnesses:

E. E. W001), HERMAN MERRILL. 

